The Big 5 of Early Literacy
Scientific research shows that there are five essential components of reading that children must be taught in order to learn to read.
Phonemic Awareness- recognizing and using individual sounds to create words.
-Phonemic Awareness is the first step to learning how to read. Phonemic Awareness and Phonics should be taught in grades Kindergarten through first grades.
- ex: /b/ /a/ /t/ each individual sound put together represents bat.
Phonics- predictable relationship between the letter of written language and the individual sound of spoken language.
-ex: The rule of /i/ in cvc words: hit, bit, rip, all have the short i sound.
Fluency- read text accurately, quickly, and with expression.
-ex: For a student to be able to read a passage (paragraph) and read without dragging and reading accurately with expression.
Vocabulary- meaning and pronunciation of words.
-ex: For a student to be able to tell you a meaning of a word and use it in correct context.
Reading Comprehension- understand what is being read.
-ex: To be able to anwser who, what, where, when, and why about a story or passage.